Theories of Non-Experiments in Coherent Decays of Neutral Mesons

Many theoretical calculations of subtle coherent effects in quantum mechanics do not carefully consider the interface between their calculations and experiment. Calculations for gedanken experiments using initial states not satisfied in realistic experiments give results requiring interpretation. Confusion and ambiguities frequently arise. Calculations for time-dependent mixing oscillations describe non-experiments. Physical experiments describe oscillations in space in the laboratory system resulting from interference between waves having the same energy and time dependence; $not$ different momenta and space dependence. Time-dependent oscillations are not observed.Comment: 8 page

History and new ideas for exotic particles

Basic 1966 physics of Sakharov, Zeldovich and Nambu updated by QCD with constituent-quark quasiparticles having effective masses fits all masses and magnetic moments of ground state meson and baryons having no more than one strange or heavy quark Flavor antisymmetry explains absence of low-lying exotics and suggests diquark-triquark model and two-state model for $\Theta^+$ pentaquark. Variational approach gives mass bounds for other pentaquarks.Comment: 15 pages, PNTA04 Conference at SPring-8, Japa

From Sakata Model to Goldberg-Ne'eman Quarks and Nambu QCD Phenomenology and "Right" and "Wrong" experiments

The basic theoretical milestones were the Sakata SU(3) symmetry, the Goldberg-Ne'eman composite model with SU(3) triplets having baryon number (1/3) and the Nambu color gauge Lagrangian. The transition was led in right and wrong directions by experiments interpreted by phenomenology. A "good" experiment on $\bar p p$ annihilation at rest showed that the Sakata model predictions disagreed with experiment. A "bad" experiment prevented the use of the Goldberg-Ne'eman triplet model to predict the existence and masses of the of the $\Xi^*$ and $\Omega^-$. More "good" experiments revealed the existence and mass of the $\Xi^*$ and the $\Omega^-$ and the absence of positive strangeness baryon resonances, thus confirming the "tenfold way". Further "good experiments" revealed the existence of the vector meson nonet, SU(3) breaking with singlet-octet mixing and the suppression of the $\phi \to \rho \pi$ decay. These led to the quark triplet model. The paradox of peculiar statistics then arose as the $\Delta^{++}$ and $\Omega^-$ contained three identical spin-1/2 fermions coupled symmetrically to spin (3/2). This led to color and the Nambu QCD. The book "Lie Groups for Pedestrians" used the Sakata model with the name "sakaton" for the $pn\Lambda$ triplet to teach the algebra of SU(3) to particle physicists in the U.S. and Europe who knew no group theory. The Sakata model had a renaissance in hypernuclear physics in the 1970's.Comment: 8 page

Experimental Challenges for QCD - The past and the future

The past leaves the surprising experimental successes of the simple constituent quark model to be expained by QCD. Surprising agreement with experiment from simple Sakharov-Zeldovich model (1966) having quarks with effective masses and hyperfine interaction. Nambu's (1966) Colored quarks with gauge gluons gave mass spectrum with only $qqq$ and $\bar q$ bound states. The future opens the way to new insight into QCD from heavy flavor experimentsComment: 19 pages, typo in e-mail address correcte